How was the great wall of china built? birth of the qin dynasty, Wall of Beijing as a Tourist attraction
How was the great wall of china built? birth of the qin dynasty
, Wall of Beijing as a Tourist attractionThe Great Wall of China is the longest man made structure ever built in the history of mankind, with its present length of 8,851.8 km or 5,500.3 miles stretching into several provinces of China such as Liaoning, Hebei, Tianjin, Beijing, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Gansu, and Qinghai. However, the Great Wall of China is a noncontinuous series of walls in different places, especially during the period of its initial construction. It was primarily built by several states during the Warring State Period in China to prevent attacks from other neighboring states. Later on, when the states vanished, leaving the Qin State in a unified China, Emperor Qin Shi Huang ordered the connection of the series of walls and termed it as "10,000 li Long Wall." It was connected to prevent further attacks, that time from the northern nomadic tribes. Later on, the last reconstruction of the Great Wall undertook during the Ming Dynasty after change of several dynasties. The Ming Dynasty purposely reconstructed the wall to strengthen its defense further from the Mongol in the northern part of the country.
Since the Great Wall was built for defensive purposes, the first dynasties that constructed the walls used heavy materials to endure possible attacks of swords, spears, and arrows. As history gave clear evidence that they were built by several states in their respective places, the walls were initially built by different materials available that time in their places, although earth, woods, and stones were mainly used as primary materials. Due to poor technology during the Warring State Period, the transportation of materials was not possible. So, walls stood in the mountains were mainly built by stones on that mountain, walls in plains were mainly constructed using earth rammed into bricks, while those in the deserts were made of sand.
The Qin Dynasty, however, after unifying China, continued using those materials used by the preceding states. They used earth in board frames as primary material. Since, in that period, the project of the in Dynasty was to connect the separate walls, they only do used earth in wooden frames to make connection walls from one to another, therefore no fortresses were made, but only those walls alone.
After the Qin Dynasty, the next reconstruction used earth and crude stones, justifying the advancement in building knowledge of the people. The materials were preserved until the reign of the Ming Dynasty.
During the Ming Dynasty, bricks were basically the construction material, as well as bit of tile and limes. To avoid the usage of weak materials in some areas such as deserts, they attempted to produce their own construction materials to be uniform throughout the long wall, and launched a more systematic process of working. There are still evidences that prove this argument, for example, in Juyongguan Pass, there are several portions that divided their group of workers into kiln workshops, stone ponds, and material supply departments. Since the Ming Dynasty invested time in the construction of the Great Wall, they mainly used bricks to lessen the time to be used in carrying the materials than earth and stone. However, the usage of stones that time was not totally neglected. As a harder material than the other, they also used stones as foundation, inner and outer brims, and gateways of the Great Wall. In some portions of the Great Wall, such as in Badaling wall, the Great Wall is made almost entirely of granite, some of green and white stones, and some of white marble. They used these harder materials because that particular time also opened the use of gunpowder.
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