How Does A Smart Card Works
Smart cards hold information about the card holder
. The unique information may be credit card balances, access credentials, insurance information and subscription verification. It is possible for all of the information on the cards in your wallet to be placed in one card.To make this application practical, smart card providers must use the same type of chip architecture. If the industries are different and they choose different types of cards, the card cannot be shared between the two industries for the same card holder.
To help simplify the diverse uses and applications of the smart card with contact applications, the International Standards Organization has devised standards that apply to smart chip organization. Current standard is #7816. This standard requires that five of the eight contact fields be consistently used throughout the smart card applications. The contact field number one supplies the voltage needed to power the card. Contact field two is the field that resets the card information. Contact field three regulates the speed of the microprocessor. Contact field five supplies the grounding needed. Contact field seven is in control of the communication the card has with readers.
The plastic card is also restricted to other standards by the ISO. These are:
Functionality
Physical Shape of the Card
Placement of Electrical Connectors
Electrical Characteristics of the Card
The embedded integrated circuits process the data stored in the card when exposed to an application that can correctly reads the internal information. Many large companies and governments use smart cards to provide a strong security measure with appropriate authentication measures for access.
Current uses of smart cards include single sign on to log on to computers and for payment for various services such as pay television, public transportation, phone payment cards and prepaid utilities,. Other uses include digital identification cards to assist in authentication of a card holder's identity.
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