subject: Stomatitis and Unani Treatment [print this page] Oral inflammation and ulcers, known as stomatitis, may be mild and localized or severe and widespread. They are invariably painful. Stomatitis may involve swelling and redness of the oral mucosa or discrete, painful ulcers (single or multiple). Less commonly, whitish lesions form, and, rarely, the mouth appears normal (burning mouth syndrome) despite significant symptoms. Symptoms hinder eating, sometimes leading to dehydration and malnutrition. Secondary infection occasionally occurs. Some conditions are recurrent. Stomatitis may be caused by local infection, systemic disease, a physical or chemical irritant, or an allergic reaction. many cases are idiopathic. Because the normal flow of saliva protects the mucosa against many insults, xerostomia predisposes the mouth to stomatitis of any cause. Themost common specific causes overall include
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS)also called recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU)
Viral infections, particularly herpes simplex and herpes zoster
Other infectious agents (Candida albicans and bacteria)
Trauma
Tobacco
Chemotherapy and radiation therapy
Some causes usually also haveextraoral, cutaneous findings.
Cutaneous bullae suggest SJS, pemphigus vulgaris, or bullous pemphigoid. Prodrome of malaise, fever, conjunctivitis, and generalized macular target lesions suggests SJS. Pemphigus vulgaris starts with oral lesions, then progresses to flaccid cutaneous bullae. Bullous pemphigoid has tense bullae on normal-appearing skin. Nikolsky's sign is usually positive in SJS and pemphigus vulgaris.
Cutaneous vesicles are typical with chickenpox or herpes zoster. Unilateral lesions in a band after a dermatome suggest herpes zoster. Diffuse, scattered vesicular and pustular lesions in different stages suggest chickenpox.
Kawasaki disease usually has a macular rash, desquamation of hands and feet, and conjunctivitis; it occurs in children, usually those
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