subject: Vision Impairment -reviewing The Options [print this page] In general, everyone may have vision problems at some point in their lives whether it is nearsightedness, farsightedness, or other problems. Once we start to age, vision impairments are more likely to happen. Vision impairment is a form of vision loss that means that a person cannot see well even with contacts, eye glasses, surgery, or medicine. The vision loss is usually a result from disease, trauma, congenital conditions, or degenerative conditions.
There are many causes of vision impairments such as congenital blindness, amblyopia, cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, macular degeneration, and trachoma. Congenital blindness is found in many babies immediately after birth which is often caused by an infection while in the mothers stomach. Amblyopia is reduced vision in an eye caused by lack of use of that eye in early childhood. Another term to describe the reduced vision in one eye is called lazy eye. Cataracts are cloudy areas in part or the entire lens of the eye. Cataracts usually form in the eyes of people in their sixties or early seventies. Diabetic retinopathy happens when the tiny blood vessels in the retina are damaged due to diabetes. If the condition worsens the person can go blind.
Glaucoma is an increase in pressure inside the eye that damages the optic nerve. Macular degeneration is a progressive deterioration of the most sensitive part of the retina. It causes loss of central vision. Trachoma happens when a contagious microorganism known as Chlamydia trachomatis causes inflammation in the eye. The ophthalmologist determines vision impairments three different ways. One is through reading off of an eye chart known as visual acuity test. The second test they do is measure your side vision. The last test to determine visual impairment is a procedure that checks the fluid pressure inside the eye. If a visual impairment is diagnosed to be severe then guide dogs and Braille are used in assisting people with for the vision loss.
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