subject: The layout of the global navigation satellite [print this page] The layout of the global navigation satellite
US GPS system
Design proposal: 24 satellites
Finished time: 1995
The latest developmentes: On May 13, 2010, US Delta rocket launched the first improved GPS-2F and another two will be launched this year. The GPS-2F has the ability of preventing interference and damage.
The working life has been extended to 15 years. At the same time, the third GPS plan which is designed to satisfy the technology expanding in future 30 years and user's requirement is likely to be deployed ahead of time.
Russia GLONASS system
Design proposal: 24 satellites
Finished time: 1996
The latest developments: By February, 2010, there are 18 GLONASS satellites in running position. Because the GLONASS satellite is short of life, it has been in damage control mode since 1999 and can't provide world navigation satellite service. It's estimated to launch 9 GLONASS satellites in 2010 to restore the system.
European Galileo satellite navigation system
Design proposal: 3 GSO; 30 MEO
Finished time: It's initially estimated to achieve the full coverage in the world in 2012.
The latest developments: the GALILEO system began in 2002 is not going smoothly. The initial plan is delayed for 6 years as a result of the overspending and profit-sharing of the memebers. In November, two GALLILEO satellites will be launched.
And the 14 work-type satellites made by Germany OHB are going to be released from July, 2012. Arianespace's satellite will launch 10 GALILEO satellites in 2012.
CNSS
Design proposal: 5 GSO; 30 MEO
Finished time: To achieve the Asia-Pacific coverage 2012 and worldwide coverage in 2020. The latest developments: The third and forth navigation satellites made by CAST (China Academy of Space Technology) were successully launched by LM-3 rocket on January 17 and June 2, 2010 respectively. The organizing of the satellite is pushed forward steadily on schedule.
Japan QZS system
Design proposal: 3 satellites
Finished time: undertermined
The latest developments: Japan plans to launch the first navigation satellite in this August. The system is composed of 3 satellites. From the perspect of Japan itself, there is always a satellite close to the highest point in the sky.
Because of the towering skyscrapers, there are some problems with the GPS locating accuracy in Japan. The QZS system can work with GPS system to increase the influence and improve the positioning accuracy.
India IRNSS system
Design proposal: 7 satellites
Finished Time: undermined
The latest developments: The India navigation system is planned to be composed of 7 satellites and a large ground control segment. All the developments and productions will be completed in India.
Nigeria NIGCOMSAT-1 S BAS system
The latest developments: After launched the first communication satellite in 2008, Negeria declared that it would step into the world navigation field as an African country.
Resource from: International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems.
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